The participant is asked to rate how strongly each of the statements relates to their thoughts and behavior in the last 12 months. The new measure is called the bfas, short for the bergen facebook addiction scale and is the work of dr. A psychometric evaluation of bergen facebook addiction. The bergen scale is named after the city of bergen, norway, the location of the university of bergen where lead author cecilie andreassen is a professor of clinical psychology format. We are dealing with a subdivision of internet addiction connected to social media, doctor of psychology cecilie schou andreassen says about the study, which is the first of its kind worldwide andreassen heads the research project facebook addiction. By testing themselves with the scale, people can find out their degree of work addiction.
Cecilie andraessen at the university of bergen uib, norway, and colleagues. The construct validity analyses confirmed the onefactor solution and a statistically significant association found between. Pdf psychometric validation of the persian bergen social. The latest version of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. We then analyzed our data, assessing if a relationship between social isolation and degree of sns use exists in older adults. The smas consists of fourteen items that were all included in the same survey. Based on scale from internet gaming disorder found in the dsmv, for preoccupation, tolerance, escape, persistence, withdrawal, conflict, problems, deception, and displacement. Addiction scale 38, the bergen facebook addiction scale 10, and the facebook intrusion questionnaire 39. Researchers from norway have developed a new instrument to measure facebook addiction, the bergen facebook addiction scale. Background and aims the bergen social media addiction scale bsmas, a sixitem selfreport scale that is a brief and effective psychometric.
This scale comprised 18 items, three for each of the six core features of addiction. Social media, addiction, student, scale development, reliability and validity. Although the most recent data show that facebook is the most popular and frequently used social media among adolescents 2, empirical research has shown that adolescents use more than one social media frequently e. Social media addiction can be viewed as one form of internet addiction, where individuals exhibit a compulsion to use social media to excess griffiths, 2000. Social media disorder scale smd scale please answer the. The bergen scale is named after the city of bergen, norway, the location of the university of bergen where lead author cecilie andreassen is a professor of clinical psychology. Griffiths2 and maria sinatra3 1department of humanities, university of foggia, foggia, italy 2international gaming research unit, division of psychology, nottingham trent university, nottingham, uk.
The bergen social media addiction scale can tell you. Background and aims the bergen social media addiction scale bsmas, a sixitem selfreport scale that is a brief and effective psychometric instrument for assessing atrisk social media addiction on the internet. Using the bergen social media addiction scale bsmas and based. Additionally, recent studies reported social media addiction, which includes addictive facebook use, to be significantly linked to different attachment styles 9 i. The relationship between social networking addiction and. The aim of this study was to investigate the social media addiction of high school students in terms of some variables such as age, class, type of school, gender and daily average internet usage period. Background and aims the bergen social media addiction scale bsmas, a sixitem selfreport scale that is a brief and effective psychometric instrument for.
The basic theoretical assumption underlying the development of the social media disorder smd scale in the current study is that social media addiction and internet gaming disorder igd. Measures the bergen social media addiction scale was used. Still, this does not mean that addiction to snss doesnt exist. Toward the main purpose of the study, the bergen facebook addiction scale was adapted to social media addiction and translated into turkish. The bergen facebook addiction scale bfas, initially a pool of 18 items, three reflecting each of the six core elements of addiction salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse, was constructed and administered to 423 students together with several other standardized selfreport scales addictive tendencies. The relationship between addictive use of social media and. Psychometric validation of the persian bergen social media. Time invariance of three ultrabrief internetrelated. This article discusses the relationship between the most used social media addiction measures i. Apa, 20 are two forms of the same overarching construct internet addiction and should therefore be defined by the same set of diagnostic criteria. A comparative study on social media addiction of high school. Social media addiction scale student form pdf social.
Methodolo sample for th semester betw scale was con item scale so sometimes, of below 17 the participants w social media u social media u with social me develop ce. The bergen shopping addiction scale bsas consists of 28 statements. A newly published study of predictors of private use of social media at work in a sample of 10,018 employees showed that such use is related to male sex, younger adults, single status, and higher education 1. Its a short survey used in psychological research that. However, its psychometric properties in persian have never been examined and no studies have applied rasch analysis for the psychometric testing. Facebook has become an important medium for social communication in contemporary culture, with nearly 1. Social networking addiction, attachment style, and validation of the. It is worth noting that a modified and generic version of bfas also exists bergen social networking addiction scale andreassen, 2015. Negative items on the scale are coded by reverse scoring. The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
This study aimed to conduct a psychometric validation in a portuguese sample of emerging adults ages 18 to 29 years. Smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas, bergen social media addiction scale. In this crosssectional study, 360 students were enrolled by stratified random sampling. Based on the six key components of addiction, the bergen facebook addiction scale bfas is a widely used instrument to assess facebook addiction. Individuals with social media addiction are often overly concerned about social media and are driven by an uncontrollable urge to log on to and use social media. A comparative study on social media addiction of high. Despite the internet being able to be considered as a promoting factor for individual empowerment, previous literature suggests that the current massive availability of information and communication technologies ict may be dangerous for users wellbeing. However, to the best of our knowledge, the psychometric properties of this scale.
Social networking addiction, attachment style, and validation. New research about facebook addiction university of bergen. Are you a social media enthusiast or simply a facebook addict. The bergen social media addiction scale bsmas is a newly developed scale that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks, because it assesses the use of social media activities more generally rather than on one speci. The narcissistic personality inventory16 was used to assess narcissism. The scale was administrated to two crossoccupational samples. Researchers at the university of bergen in norway have developed a new tool, the bergen facebook addiction scale, to measure obsession with the social media site. Dec 01, 2017 55 social determinants of health research center sdh, qazvin university of medical sciences, qazvin, iran. Currently, there is no formal diagnosis of social networking addiction in a ny psychiatric nosology american psychiatric association, 20.
The bergen facebook addiction scale is a very short questionnaire which can. The study tools included personal information form and the bergen social media addiction scale. Time invariance of three ultrabrief internetrelated instruments. The smas is a variant of the internet addiction test that measures the extent to which people are dependent on social media in their daily activities. Social media addiction, resistance, and influence of. The bergen facebook addiction scale bfas, initially a pool of 18 items, three reflecting each of the six core elements of addiction salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse, was constructed and administered to 423 students together with several other standardized selfreport scales addictive tendencies scale, online sociability scale, facebook attitude. Are you addicted to social media or just a frequent user. Considering that social media addiction is probably the most recent type of technology addiction, the present study was designed based on the six components suggested by griffiths 20. The predictive level of social media addiction for life. Anyone travelling on public transportation can observe this phenomenon. See also the psytoolkit implementation of the problematic internet use questionnaire. The bergen facebook addiction scale bfas, initially a pool of 18 items, three reflecting each of the six core elements of addiction salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict.
Social networking addiction, attachment style, and. Does social media addiction impair the wellbeing of nonclinical individuals. A large scale crosssectional study cecilie schou andreassen university of bergen and bergen clinics foundation, bergen, norway joel billieux catholic university of louvain mark d. Development of a facebook addiction scale cecilie schou. Currently, there is no formal diagnosis of social networking addiction in any psychiatric nosology american psychiatric association, 20. The expeditious rise of facebook has led to an expansion in research attempting to determine the. Facebook addiction is a specific form of internet addiction in which a person is addicted to checking facebook. Determine if youre addicted to facebook, with the bergen. The bergen social media addiction scale bsmas is an adap tation of the. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the social media addictions of secondary school, high school and university students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social networking addiction and academic performance of students in iran. Social media addiction scale student form pdf social science sslc karnataka. The reliability and validity study free download as powerpoint presentation. To do this, a correlation was calculated between the two factors of fomo and social media addiction scale smas.
The statements relate to your thoughts, feelings and actions in the last 12 months. I spend a lot of time thinking about facebook or planning your use of facebook. For a new study published in the april 12, 2012 issue of the journal psychological reports, the researchers tested the scale with more than 400 university students. The bergen social media addiction scale bsmas, a sixitem. One way to measure is the bergen social media addiction scale originally designed for facebook but since generalized for all social media. Scoring higher on this scale was correlated with later bedtimes and wakeup times. The construct validity analyses confirmed the onefactor solution and a statistically significant association found.
New research from the university of bergen uib suggests facebook addiction is not only real but measurable using the bergen facebook addiction scale. Psychometric validation of the persian bergen social media addiction scale using classic test theory and rasch models article pdf available in journal of behavioral addictions 64. A largescale crosssectional study cecilie schou andreassen university of bergen and bergen clinics foundation, bergen, norway joel billieux catholic university of louvain mark d. Italian version of the bergen social media addiction scale. Jun 22, 2015 the new measure is called the bfas, short for the bergen facebook addiction scale and is the work of dr. The number 1 indicated very rarely and 5 indicated very often. Smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas, bergen social media addiction scale bsmas, and the nineitem internet gaming disorder scale short form igdssf9 study part b. Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient and regression methods were used to analyse the data. Social media addiction scaleadult form sahin and yagc. The statements relate to your thoughts, feelings and actions in. Method the progress of the scale development work carried out to determine the social media addiction of the students and the characteristics of the working group are presented below.
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